Creative Commons licenses are a set of various licenses that allow people to release, publish and share their copyrighted work to be copied, edited, built upon, etc., while retaining copyright to the original work. They can apply to all creative works, not just music.

So what are the licenses?
Firstly, although there are 6 main licenses, there’re actually 8 in all. Take a look at this confusing graph which shows the order of how restrictive the licenses are.

Let’s take a look at the top three, the most open licenses that allow the most free uses… starting with CC. This license is a tool for relinquishing copyright ownership and releasing material into the public domain for any purpose, commercial or otherwise. CC0 is basically a legal tool for waiving as many rights as legally possible to a creation. Few people obviously use this license for their artistic creations, and mainly this license was aimed at the scientific community

Next is CC BY. BY here stands for attribution, basically giving credit. This license allows users to copy, distribute, display, perform and make derivative works and remixes, commercial or otherwise, based on the release only if they give the author or licensor the credits (attribution) in the manner specified by the license. This is required by law.

So anybody can take something released on a CC BY license and copy, remix, reproduce and redistribute it commercially so long as credit is given to the original author of the piece. Again, most artists aren’t that comfortable with anybody taking their creations and making money out of it with no legal requirement to pay a fee. What if your music is used by someone who makes a million from it while you get nothing?

And the last of the most open licenses is CC BY SA. SA here stands for Share Alike. This license allows for derivative and commercial works so long as the derivative projects are released on the same CC license as the original, ie the derivative works can’t be then released on a more restrictive CC license than the original work. Attribution is also still legally required. So many artists are not that comfortable releasing music under those 3 licenses and you can understand why.

The next 3 licenses are more commonly used by music makers.

CC BY NC

This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, as long as the creator is credited. Although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms. Credit must be given to the artist. You can put this song in a video or other derivative work but you cannot use it for commercial purposes. So music on this license can be used and shared freely in Derivative projects so long as the project is non commercial. We’ll learn that the term non commercial is also another highly misunderstood phrase!

CC BY ND

Attribution-NoDerivatives. This license allows for redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, and creators must be credited. In my opinion a strange license that allows the licensee the right to redistribute the work, for commercial reasons or otherwise so long as it’s passed on completely unchanged (no edits etc) and the original artist is credited. So people wouldn’t be able to make a derivative work like a video for YOUTUBE, from this music, but they would be able to put the track on a compilation CD and sell it for profit without having to give financial compensation to the artist, so long as attribution is given. Yep, strange.

CC BY NC SA

This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, as long as the artist is credited and a new creations are licensed under the identical terms. So this license allows derivative use of the work so long as the new projects are non commercial and shared on the same license as the original, not a more restrictive one. And the last and most restrictive CC license, and personally the license I release under.

CC BY NC ND

This license allows for No Derivative or Commercial use at all. Music can be shared exactly as it is, but cannot be made into a derivative work, like synced to video, or used as bedding music in a podcast or radio show.

The reason I personally release under this license is because often many misunderstand the term Non Commercial. They assume non commercial just means the video isn’t made to directly make money. However, in my eyes for example, a corporation making an in house training video IS commercial use. No the video isn’t to make money directly, its an information video, but it’s still associated with the organisation (thus associating your music with them) and feeds their brand. Also the people making the video are being paid so why should your music be used for free? This is definitely considered commercial use. Releasing on this license actually gives me more control of how my music is used and I like having this. By nature, give an inch and some will take a mile. So licensees will come to my website to license a track for perpetual use. This is the model I use. Having this control, I can also grant free use to whoever I see fit

So please remember if you’re looking for music on the Free Music Archive, ensure to check the CC license the track is released under. If what you want to do with the track is not covered by the license, contact the artist to obtain more permissions or to pay a nominal fee to use.

Many of us artists are now set up with our own licensing websites. It’s good to support creators who are making content you enjoy.

So I hope you all found this informative. In our next few episodes we’ll be interviewing some great independent empowered artists who are creating a career from their music. Why not come along to the Imlcollective.uk website to check our artists and subscription library out.